Assign administrator roles with PowerShell

 General approach is that you need to get RoleID and then assign enterprise app object ID to this RoleID:

Create an app using CLI:

$app_name = "Deployment app"

$app = az ad app create --display-name $app_name --query '{appId: appId, objectId: id}' --output json

$app = $app | ConvertFrom-Json

$cred = az ad app credential reset --id $app.appId --display-name "client-secret" --years 2

$enapp = az ad sp create --id  $app.appId --query '{appId: appId, objectId: objectId}' --output json 

$enappID = az ad sp show --id  $app.appId --query id --output tsv

Assign it to a role:

$AdminRoleObject = Get-AzureADDirectoryRole| where {$_.DisplayName -eq 'Application Administrator'} 

Add-AzureADDirectoryRoleMember -ObjectId $AdminRoleObject.ObjectId -RefObjectId $enappID

If RoleID do not exist ($AdminRoleObject is empty) enable it:

$template = Get-AzureADDirectoryRoleTemplate | where {$_.DisplayName -eq 'Privileged Role Administrator'} 

Enable-AzureADDirectoryRole -RoleTemplateId $template.ObjectId

Other, assign owner to subscription:

az role assignment create --assignee $app.appId --role "Owner" --scope "/subscriptions/$subscriptionID"

list open ports

 lsof -nP -iTCP -sTCP:LISTEN

ss -tunlp

netstat -tnlp

apt-get install procps

apt install net-tools

apt install iproute2 net-tools procps

#!/bin/bash # This script lists processes with open TCP ports by reading /proc/net/tcp and # matching socket inodes to file descriptors in /proc/[pid]/fd directories. # Function to convert hexadecimal port number to decimal. convert_port() { local hex_port=$1 echo $((16#$hex_port)) } echo "Processes with open TCP ports (based on /proc):" printf "%-8s %-20s %-6s\n" "PID" "Process Name" "Port" echo "-------------------------------------------" # Skip the header line from /proc/net/tcp by using tail. tail -n +2 /proc/net/tcp | while read -r line; do # Extract the local address (field 2) and the socket inode (field 10). local_address=$(echo "$line" | awk '{print $2}') inode=$(echo "$line" | awk '{print $10}') # If inode is empty, skip this line. if [[ -z "$inode" ]]; then continue fi # Extract the port (in hex) from the local_address (format: IP:PORT). port_hex=$(echo "$local_address" | cut -d':' -f2) port=$(convert_port "$port_hex") # Use find to look for file descriptors linking to this socket inode. pids=$(find /proc/[0-9]*/fd -lname "socket:\[$inode\]" 2>/dev/null | \ cut -d'/' -f3 | sort -u) # For each matching process, retrieve the process name. for pid in $pids; do if [ -f "/proc/$pid/comm" ]; then pname=$(cat /proc/$pid/comm) else pname="N/A" fi printf "%-8s %-20s %-6s\n" "$pid" "$pname" "$port" done done

List all processes:

#!/bin/bash

# This script lists all processes by scanning the /proc filesystem.

# Print header

printf "%-8s %-s\n" "PID" "Process Name"

printf "%-8s %-s\n" "--------" "----------------"

# Loop over directories in /proc that are numerical

for pid_dir in /proc/[0-9]*; do

    pid=$(basename "$pid_dir")

    

    # Check for the existence of the comm file which contains the process name

    if [ -f "$pid_dir/comm" ]; then

        proc_name=$(cat "$pid_dir/comm")

    else

        proc_name="N/A"

    fi

    

    printf "%-8s %-s\n" "$pid" "$proc_name"

done

Publish CRLs

1. Login to offline RootCA and create a new crl file:

    certutil –crl

2. Copy CRL file from C:\Windows\System32\Certsrv\CertEnroll\ to a USB

3. on Issuing servers upload crl file to C:\inetpub\wwwroot\pki and other locations that CRL should be uploaded to like share or AD.

Publish in AD with: certutil –dspublish -f C:\CRKRoot.crl

Some Kusto queries

 1. Find resource using TLS lower than 1.2:

resources

| where type in (

    'microsoft.web/sites/config',

    'microsoft.storage/storageaccounts',

    'microsoft.sql/servers',

    'microsoft.network/applicationgateways',

    'microsoft.cdn/profiles/endpoints',

    'microsoft.apimanagement/service',

    'microsoft.network/virtualnetworkgateways',

    'microsoft.signalrservice/signalr',

    'microsoft.servicebus/namespaces',

    'microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters'

)

| extend TlsVersion = case(

    type == 'microsoft.web/sites/config', properties.minTlsVersion,

    type == 'microsoft.storage/storageaccounts', properties.minimumTlsVersion,

    type == 'microsoft.sql/servers', properties.minimalTlsVersion,

    type == 'microsoft.network/applicationgateways', properties.sslPolicy.minProtocolVersion,

    type == 'microsoft.cdn/profiles/endpoints', properties.tlsSettings.protocolType,

    type == 'microsoft.apimanagement/service', tostring(properties.protocols),

    type == 'microsoft.network/virtualnetworkgateways', tostring(properties.vpnClientConfiguration.vpnClientProtocols),

    type == 'microsoft.signalrservice/signalr', properties.tls.minimalTlsVersion,

    type == 'microsoft.servicebus/namespaces', properties.minimumTlsVersion,

    type == 'microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters', 'TLS managed by individual deployments',

    'Unknown')

| where TlsVersion !contains "1.2" and TlsVersion != "Unknown" and TlsVersion != "TLS1_2"

| project ResourceType = type, 

          ResourceName = name, 

          Location = location, 

          TlsVersion

2.Find blocked queried in app gateway

AzureDiagnostics
| where ResourceProvider == "MICROSOFT.NETWORK"
| where Category == "ApplicationGatewayFirewallLog"
| where action_s == "Matched"
| project
    TimeGenerated,
    ClientIP = clientIp_s,
    RequestURI = requestUri_s,
    RuleId = ruleId_s,
    RuleSetType = ruleSetType_s,
    Action = action_s,
    Message,
    Hostname = hostname_s,
    TransactionId = transactionId_g
| sort by TimeGenerated desc
 

3. Find timeouts:

AzureDiagnostics

| where Category == "ApplicationGatewayAccessLog"

| where httpStatus_d in (408, 504, 502)  // Common timeout-related HTTP status codes

| where host_s == "ylukscaleprod.eu.yusen-logistics.com"

4. Statistics, success rate in every 5 minute slot:

AzureDiagnostics

| where ResourceType == "APPLICATIONGATEWAYS"

| where Category == "ApplicationGatewayFirewallLog" or Category == "ApplicationGatewayAccessLog"

| where TimeGenerated >= ago(30d) // Adjust timeframe as needed

| where listenerName_s == "https-ylukscaleprod-eu-yusen-logisitcs-com" // Filter for specific listener if needed

| extend ListenerName = listenerName_s

| extend ResponseCode = httpStatus_d

| extend IsHealthy = iff(ResponseCode >= 200 and ResponseCode < 400, true, false)

| summarize 

    TotalRequests = count(),

    FailedRequests = countif(not(IsHealthy)),

    SuccessRate = (count() - countif(not(IsHealthy))) * 100.0 / count()

    by bin(TimeGenerated, 5m), ListenerName, _ResourceId

| extend IsDown = iff(SuccessRate < 50, true, false) // Define downtime threshold

| order by TimeGenerated desc

5. Success rate in last 7 dates:

AzureDiagnostics

| where ResourceType == "APPLICATIONGATEWAYS"

| where Category == "ApplicationGatewayFirewallLog" or Category == "ApplicationGatewayAccessLog"

| where TimeGenerated >= ago(30d) // Adjust timeframe as needed

| where listenerName_s == "https-ylukscaleprod-eu-yusen-logisitcs-com" // Filter for specific listener if needed

| extend ListenerName = listenerName_s

| extend ResponseCode = httpStatus_d

| extend IsHealthy = iff(ResponseCode >= 200 and ResponseCode < 400, true, false)

| summarize 

    TotalRequests = count(),

    FailedRequests = countif(not(IsHealthy)),

    SuccessRate = (count() - countif(not(IsHealthy))) * 100.0 / count()

    by bin(TimeGenerated, 5m), ListenerName, _ResourceId

| extend IsDown = iff(SuccessRate < 50, true, false) // Define downtime threshold

| order by TimeGenerated desc

6. Statistics with error code failures and successes:

AzureDiagnostics

| where ResourceProvider == "MICROSOFT.NETWORK"

| where Category == "ApplicationGatewayFirewallLog"

| where action_s == "Matched"

| where hostname_s == "ylukscaleprod.eu.yusen-logistics.com"

| project

    TimeGenerated,

    ClientIP = clientIp_s,

    RequestURI = requestUri_s,

    RuleId = ruleId_s,

    RuleSetType = ruleSetType_s,

    Action = action_s,

    Message,

    Hostname = hostname_s,

    TransactionId = transactionId_g

| sort by TimeGenerated desc

Converting VM to generation 2 in Hyper-v

 1. Create a VM from vagrant, this is gen1.

2. Although disk is VHDX, export it, add more space in Hyper-V

3. Attach this drive to old VM and expand drive is disk management.

4. Convert to GPT using MBR2GPT.

    mbr2gpt.exe /validate /disk:1 /allowFullOS

    mbr2gpt.exe /convert /disk:1 /allowFullOS 

This will create a partition at the end.

5. Create a new VM (Gen2) and use exported drive.

openssl basics

 1. check web site expiration: 

 

echo test | openssl s_client -connect google.com:443 | openssl x509 -noout -dates

2. PFX to PEM convertion (PFX do not have any pass):

 

openssl pkcs12 -in cert-in.pfx -out cert-out.pem -nodes 

3. copying with scp:

scp -i C:\Users\name\OneDrive\ssh\MyPrv.pem .\file.pem remote-host.com:\tmp

4. Logging to remote host with local port forward

az ssh vm --resource-group rg-poc --name ubuntu1 -- -L 1433:localhost:1433

5. Add a password to PFX file:

openssl pkcs12 -in  kv-msr-acme-letw.pfx -out c:\temp\temp1.pem -nodes

Press Enter.

.\openssl pkcs12 -export -in c:\temp\temp1.pem -out c:\temp\new_protected1.pfx -passout pass:strongpass

6. Convert cer file into pem;

openssl x509 -inform der -in .\RootCA.cer -out .\RootCA.pem

solving issues The following signatures were invalid: EXPKEYSIG ABF5BD827BD9BF62

 how to solve this :

The following signatures were invalid: EXPKEYSIG ABF5BD827BD9BF62 nginx signing key <signing-key@nginx.com>

1. vi /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list

Bold is a key used to check, it must be updated

deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/nginx-archive-keyring.gpg] http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu/ focal nginx
# deb-src http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu/ focal nginx

Update key:

curl -s https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key | gpg --dearmor > /usr/share/keyrings/nginx-keyring.gpg